System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system_ERP Management SaaS Cloud Services_Information management_Financial management_Project tree management_Project document management software_Business needs_Project management
Enterprise website construction usually includes the following: a web page, a navigation bar or other means to access various website columns, a unified look and feel will be the company's logo, style sheet, and graphic images. For many friends, the site for them, is through the network to learn more news, let them know more, their own needs of knowledge. But for many modern enterprises, the role of the website for them is very large, the site will directly affect the sales of enterprises, more serious impact on the future of enterprise development. At this time, it is reflected in the importance of the early site construction. As businesses grow from small to large, there is a growing need for a useful ERP Management SaaS Cloud Services to help run the company's business and data. The most expensive place to implement or customize the development of System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system is to research, discover, refine, organize, analyze, optimize and document the actual business in the process of operating the enterprise and translate it into a software industry need. There are many ways to customize the development of System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system, the simplest is to take out-of-the-box ERP Management SaaS Cloud Services a little change, you can have a management software website platform can be used, and then according to the user's actual use of feedback to gradually iterative evolution and refinement. However, management software systems based on off-the-shelf ERP Management SaaS Cloud Services products may have many problems such as performance, complexity, flexibility, manageability, and so on, while many enterprises also have a large number of personalized management software system requirements, especially for many small and medium-sized enterprises, the cost of modified maintenance on the ERP Management SaaS Cloud Services framework is far greater than the cost of custom-developed System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system from scratch.
Out-of-the-box packages of System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system products or large, mature ERP Management SaaS Cloud Services products design a number of redundancy and abstraction features to meet the needs and application scenarios of most industry customers. On the one hand, it results in a lot of time, effort, and cost to use in unrelated functions, but also increases the complexity of the system, resulting in increased system operating costs, reducing system reliability. But for medium-sized businesses, a working System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system can be implemented quickly by simply configuring ERP Management SaaS Cloud Services products, and the proven suite software also integrates a large number of common management processes or industry business process logic built into it, maximizing the cost and risk of implementing System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system in the enterprise. But for micro-small companies, suite software integration built-in general management process or business process logic may not apply at all, micro-small companies need a specially tailored smart System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system. A sparrow may be small but it has all the vital organs, their own personalized specific business process can not be less Then other unrelated business processes can not be much, otherwise the management of operating costs go up, micro-small companies will be able to eat up the financial and human resources.
System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system Cloud Platform absorbs newer management methods, takes the industry's better business practiceas as the guide, combined with China's local business needs, focuses on solving the domestic ERP software in the financial business integration, group enterprise multi-organization structure and production cost accounting and other shortcomings, and make up for the foreign ERP software" Software is harder than hardware" feature, in use more consider the user's experience and the extension of functions, to achieve on-demand management needs, change the system design.
The best ERP Management SaaS Cloud Services is based on the actual needs of the enterprise, tailored to the Information management based on the Excel System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system actually used in the enterprise's original business processes as a requirement input. This time the candidated management software system customization company will have to see if there are a large number of out-of-the-box code modules to quickly assemble, according to the actual needs of customers to develop the ERP Management SaaS Cloud Services System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system prototype, and quickly run online. At the same time, for the small and medium-sized customer business instability and continuous innovation of the actual business scenario, it is necessary to see whether the management software custom development company can adopt the iterative development model and supporting management methods, according to customer demand iterative evolution system. In the process of iterative development and evolution, the modules are refined step by step, such as Financial management.
ERP system human resources, salary management functions include: organization management, manpower files, recruitment interviews, personnel transfer, training management, examination management, basic settings, salary item settings, wage entry, new payroll.
Enterprises in accordance with professional software engineering and iterative software development methods to customize the evolution of System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system is a specialized software development company for its tailor-made, give full play to the advantages of enterprise personalization, in accordance with the different business philosophy, management policy, business process needs of the actual customized development. Information management ERP Management SaaS Cloud Services System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system use of operability, application targeted, especially the special business operations, coupled with the development of custom management software to go through a detailed system analysis, at the same time, for different enterprises, the development of the most suitable for the use of the ERP Management SaaS Cloud Services, Incorporating the latest ideas and the most suitable model of corporate operations into the operation of the enterprise Information management, System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system's use of value has greatly increased, bringing maximum economic benefits to the enterprise.
Enterprise website as the enterprise network marketing "base", its role is not only in the product display and promotion, more importantly, to enable customers to establish confidence in the enterprise and product, enterprise website home page to reflect as much professionalism and credibility, the home page function is to let users trust the enterprise and products, Home should have the enterprise introduction information, qualification certificate, product detailed information, etc. , in detail, but also pay attention to whether the enterprise contact address is complete, whether there is a fixed telephone, whether the website has been filed, in a word: the enterprise website home page must shoulder the responsibility of establishing user trust.System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system is suitable for large, medium, small, and fast-growing businesses. The industry covers a wide range of industry-specific functions. Committed to customer success and continuous innovation of information management software. Provide professional, guaranteed high-quality after-sales service.The security policy of the member trading system is the all-round security policy, including the security security policy and the application of the security policy. The security policy at the application layer also includes a variety of security measures. First of all, the legitimacy, integrity and non-repudiation of transaction documents are guaranteed by adopting the management network cloud platform system. In line with the relevant national policies and regulations, unnecessary business disputes can be avoided, and secondly, digital signatures issued by the CA Center ensure the uniqueness and legitimacy of user identification.Construction engineering industry ERP focused on construction, engineering, decoration enterprises, installation industry, municipal engineering industry, curtain wall industry, steel structure industry, road and bridge construction and other industries. Project management system mainly serves owners, investment funds, city investment, PPP, etc. , applicable to real estate investment, construction, operation, construction, decoration engineering, garden engineering, installation engineering, mechanical and electrical engineering, greening engineering municipal engineering and other professional project management system.
In the enterprise information management system SaaS cloud service platform field, Town Park ERP has accumulated a wealth of modules, middleware, source code, business model, data structure, platform operation and maintenance experience, A prototype system that can be rapidly built to meet the approximate needs of customers can be used to iterate into a custom system for the ERP management software SaaS cloud platform that meets the actual needs of the customer. On-demand custom assembly and development and iteration of the company's enterprise information management system enterprise service cloud platform more able to meet the actual needs of customers, and save a lot of secondary development, operation and maintenance costs, from the long-term more cost-effective. The team of experts from Town Park ERP has accumulated a lot of software product development and project implementation experience in China and international finance, banking, gold, currency, bonds, equity, futures, private equity, trading, risk control, settlement, management and other software technology fields. At the same time, the management information system business area, a wide range of adhesions in Financial management, corporate finance, treasury management, Project tree management, financial management, Project document management software, project management, Business needs, sales management, Project management, customer management, Information management, purchase and sale, ERP, OA, etc. Professional for customers to customize the development of various types of intelligent investment analysis, trading systems, enterprise management systems, supporting websites, apps, H5, and provide a complete set of solutions for customized consulting, long-term technical architecture strategic evolution planning and supporting human resources development planning.
Enterprise website through the member management system for general users, registered users, authorized users for authentication, the system of various identity of the authority level management, the entire authorization, so that the control, can effectively filter illegal personnel, to ensure the security of business information and accurate in place.
System management includes feature modules such as: user management, user group maintenance, user role assignment, user group userassignment, role rights, user group permissions, user messages, system parameters, holidays, database management, user personal information maintenance, smart Help.
Generally speaking, enterprises to establish their own website, not only can bring new customers, new business, but also immediately greatly improve the performance of enterprises. Corporate websites are more like advertising the company itself and its brand in newspapers and television. The difference is that the enterprise website is so large that it can put almost anything that it wants customers and the public to know.
Website content construction includes functional modules: channel maintenance, page content, keyword links, page access statistics, APP packaging support, mobile phone PC responsive design.
E-commerce is the use of computers and the Internet to carry out a variety of business activities. Where electronics are means, business is the end. It is through the business operation of the website and membership fees, to achieve the purpose of profitability.
Company management includes functional modules: business units, department management, post management, regional location.
Asset management is the management of the loss of fixed assets and fixed assets used by individuals, departments and companies, which can effectively prevent the loss of fixed assets. Functions include: fixed asset card maintenance, fixed asset use management, employee fixed asset inquiry, department fixed assets query, company fixed asset query, fixed asset dictionary maintenance.
Member management includes functional modules: member maintenance, membership role, multi-level distribution, sales sharing payment.
Based on the website developed with database, generally sub-site foreground and site background. Site foreground and site background are usually relative to dynamic sites, that is, site building is database-based development of the site. Website front desk is for the site to visit users, popularly said that is to visit the site to see the content and pages, the site foreground access can browse the content published publicly, such as product information, news information, enterprise introduction, business contact information, submission of messages and other operations, management can be password into the background of the page, to publish news, view messages, and more. Site background, sometimes referred to as site management background, or site back management, refers to the management of the site foreground a series of operations, such as: products, enterprise information increase, updates, deletions. Through the site management background, you can effectively manage the information that the website can be consulted by the visitor. The background of the website usually needs the account account and password and other information login verification, the login information is correct lying and then entered the site background management interface for a series of related operations. Typically, the development of a web space with site management background functionality must support program language and data development capabilities.
Human resource seditability modules include: job description, job title management, employee management, employee basic information, team management, team members, employee income and expenditure, employee income and expenditure details, employee qualifications, work experience, education experience, authorization, authorization details, post certificate, project experience, training management, training plan, staff job training, training, outsourced training, outsourced training, supervision and management, supervision plan, employee supervision, supervisory personnel, supervision time, supervisortime, supervisor time, performance management, performance items, performance period, performance score, performance results, performance score details, skill management, skill allocation, employee skills, employee skills can detail.
With corporate websites that make the most of network resources, the Internet is a powerful tool that can easily deliver information about products or services to every corner of the world ata low cost. All customers around the world can learn about the business through the website. The Internet has connected a considerable number of Internet users, businesses, institutions and governments, and is moving to a wider range. The Internet is developing at a geometric rate in China, so no company should be outside the Internet, which is separate from the most basic resources and environment of enterprise development: human society.
Contract management includes functional modules such as: contract maintenance, invoice management, bill management, contract journal, contract classification, contract operation, contract events, contract negotiation, contract forecasting rules, contract terms, contract terms items, export contracts.
E-commerce website(b2b/b2c/c2c) positioning based on product sales, e-commerce site users are most concerned about the relevant situation of the product (function, quality, purchase/sales, etc.), effective organization of product information, reasonable presentation of the product catalog is the backbone of e-commerce, Based on the location of e-commerce site, e-commerce site home function focus is directory navigation function, that is, the site home page to show users as far as possible the products and services sold in the classification catalog, but also to pass on information to users, stimulate users to produce buying behavior, such as: promotional discount information, new products listed, hot goods, the latest deal and so on.
Procurement management includes functional modules: raw material maintenance, supplier maintenance, procurement management, inventory, inventory details, stocking details, inventory changes.
Online shopping system function description: members can be non-members at the same time shopping management, the realization of standard shopping cart functions (divided into modification, continue shopping, emptying, settlement four states), shopping cart shopping cart before any step of inquiry and modification, shopping process supportonline settlement, Buyers can query the status of the order according to the order number (order received, purchase d'etat, issued, delivered to the consignee, etc.), set up the administrator maintenance interface, can set discount items or recommended items on the home page, can set the member purchase discount, can track and manage the order status (modify status, service to the consignee, etc.), Delete orders) to query for new additions and all orders for the day. The front shopping cart page lists relevant product information (e.g. accessories, repair tools, etc.), and the home page arranges the hot items in real time according to the number of orders. The administrator maintenance interface can count the sales quantity, quantity and transaction amount of various goods for a certain period of time, and can support the procedure of return or return. Support data encryption(SSL), background administrator maintenance interface to support branch management, first-level administrator set the permissions and passwords of each branch administrator, each company to manage their own orders and product categories (this function can also be used to support online store opening).
Order management includes functional modules: commodity maintenance, sales opportunity management, commodity inventory flow, merchandise warehousing, order entry, merchandise inventory, customer management, customer order invoicing, data statistics, store management.
Salary management system function: (1). System initialization settings: Users can set up wage usage units, wage items, salary calculation formulas and salary table printing format according to the unit and actual situation. Wage units, projects and output formats can be added, deleted, modified, and can be built in the same system for multiple sets of wages. (2) Input and calculation: after the completion of the system setup, the user can enter wage data, you can enter the data of different salary items by person, and provide the batch of revised salary data, wage data for different periods can be flexibly adjusted, wage data can be entered after the completion of the summary calculation, Form a small summary of departments at different levels. (3).Zero-deductible processingFunctions: that is, when the wage is paid without a zero, you can choose the yuan, angle,Divided into zero-deductible units, the accumulation is automatically managed by the system. (4) Department personnel transfer: one department personnel transferred to another department whose salary data automatically transferred to another department, automatically complete the re-numbering of personnel. (5) Can choose the salary item to modify: when a month's salary only on the basis of the previous month a few data changes, the system can choose to change the changes, easy to quickly complete the data modification. Full-year staff salary summary: summary of the unit's full-year staff issued wage data. (6) Query: according to the user specified conditions for the salary data query, can be selecteda department to query its salary summary data. 7. Bank distribution function: provide sending the interface with the bank's payroll. (8) Printout: The form printed out of this system includes the Payroll Statement, The Payroll Bar, the Payroll Summary, the Face Sheet List, etc. Wages The pay schedule and the payroll are issued with the salary, and the payment form is returned to the finance department after the individual's signature, and the salary slip is handed over to the individual. The payroll summary is used toissue accounts, and the bill of denominations is used to withdraw payroll cash from banks. (9) ClosingTransfer: After the completion of monthly payroll accounting, the system automatically compiles the transfervoucher, and can automaticallyrecord.
Project management includes functional modules such as: project maintenance, project task maintenance, article maintenance, Tag collection, task access statistics.
Document management: Custom classification management of business and office documentation for various departments of the company.
Financial management modules include: budget maintenance, budget changes, budget application and use, travel requests, travel counterparts, travel reimbursement items, travel standard maintenance, expense standard maintenance, invoice management, budget actual use invoices, bank flow maintenance.
Common economic terms in System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system 's software system include: economics, distribution, bubble economy, rent-seeking, commodities, markets, economic regulations, economic history, economic prizes, marginal theory, property theory, economic crisis theory, value theory, monopoly theory, regional economic theory, tax theory, statistical theory, Inflation theory, consumption theory, etc.
Accounting management includes functional modules: legal entity maintenance, resource unit configuration, resource exchange rate, transaction type, transaction detail type, account maintenance, account balance,set maintenance, account account maintenance, account template maintenance, transaction maintenance, transaction details Maintenance, General Ledger Management, AccountIng Processing, Transaction Detail Type DefaultS, Transaction Type Default, Transaction Invoice Maintenance, Transaction Settlement, Transaction Settlement Details.
After the purchaser member retrieves the required commodity information from the commodity information service subsystem, the purchase order can be completed and sent by the designated trader through the commodity trading service subsystem connection management network cloud platform. After receiving the purchase order, the management network cloud platform verifies the user's identity through the CA Center to review and confirm the contract, and at the same time calculates the required deposit according to the credit level of the purchaser member, and notifies the purchaser member to pay the transaction deposit. The contract will not enter into force until a deposit has been received.
Internal banking includes functional modules: Financial Collection Center, Account Balance, Transaction Management, Waiting for Settlement, Settlement Maintenance, Settlement Detail Maintenance, Rate Setting, Loan Management, Deposit and Margin Management.
"Practical" websites: such as recruitment sites, dating sites, such as these sites are mainly used in a certain field, with a certain practical value, this kind of site home function is focused on reflecting the value that the site can bring to users, but also the system of professional; Home function is focused on conveying to users that it can provide help for job seekers, home to reasonable and appropriate display of some real and effective, and has "attractive" recruitment information and positions, and so on, in addition to dating, matchmaking sites in addition to showing members, in order to reflect professionalism and formality, but also to convey their ideas to users, such as " Serious dating," "college education above high-quality white-collar dating platform" and so on.
Customer Relationship Management includes functional modules such as: market segmentation, targeting, sales project management, lead maintenance, customer call history, customer management, customer communication management, and customer project management.
The Planned BOM Bill of Materials (Bill Of Material) is a detailed record of all lower-order materials and related properties used by a project, i.e., the dependent relationship between the master and all components , unit dosage, and other attributes . . . in some systems are called material tables or formula tables. In erp system to correctly calculate the quantity and time of material requirements, there must be an accurate and complete product structure table to reflect the quantity and subordination of the production product and its components. Of all the data, the BOM has the largest impact surface and the accuracy requirements for it are quite high.
Sales quotation management includes functional modules including: product maintenance, functional maintenance, service maintenance, service task maintenance, cost maintenance, customer maintenance, order quotation, quote project maintenance, cost journal, contract ing-contract management, contracting terms management.
Now enterprises choose ERP thinking and decision-making is to choose a single vendor, the future is to choose hybrid ERP, consider cloud computing, platform services, hybrid integration, public cloud, private cloud.
Service management includes functional modules: service maintenance, service tickets, labels, service processing tracking.
Attracting customers through the network community, award competition and other ways, not only can play the purpose of product promotion, but also help to enhance customer relations, especially for products with complex features or rapid changes in products.
Asset management includes functional modules: asset maintenance, asset disposal.
Engineering construction project management software system cloud platform includes common project management software,ERP, OA system functions, such as material management system, building cost management software, contract management system, project progress management system. Specific functional modules generally include: basic information management, system management, bid management, bidding management, project project, planning management, human resources, revenue contract, material management, labor management, subcontracting management, lease management, quality management, safety management, receivables, contract management, procurement management, sales management, inventory management, Conference management, construction process management, equipment management, document management, progress management, invoice management, capital planning, financial management, cost management, file management, vehicle management, document management, office supplies management,hand-machineAPP platform.
Warehouse logistics management includes functional modules such as: inventory maintenance, warehouse maintenance, treasury container maintenance, material type, material maintenance, item management, item change, inventory change flow, item transfer management, carrier maintenance, transportation management, transportation details, figure and code management, Sweep LogMaintenance.
Using computer-aided enterprise production management, the first step is to enable the computer to read the composition of the products manufactured by the enterprise and all the materials to be involved, in order to facilitate computer identification, the structure of the product described in illustrations must be converted into some kind of data format, this data format to describe the product structure of the document is the bill of materials, that is, Bom. It is the technical document that defines the product structure, so it is also called a product structure table or product structure tree. In some industrial sectors, it may be called a "recipe," "feature," or other name.
Production and manufacturing management includes functional modules: equipment type, equipment maintenance, equipment maintenance log, factory management, type maintenance, worker type settings, processing maintenance, processing lease configuration, processing raw material configuration, processing product configuration, processing equipment maintenance, processing type maintenance, processing execution log, processing execution lease log, processing execution Line raw material log, processing execution product log, processing execution equipment log, processing execution worker slog, production plan, production processing operation configuration, production plan execution log, production processing operation execution log.
Large ERP software data models are complex, have a lot of redundant data and business logic, when small and medium-sized enterprises use, a simple business process will be stuck machine, from time to time nerve. The System enterprise physical asset type management management asset procurement and storage management system Cloud platform, tailored to industry and enterprise business characteristics, uses an advanced technology architecture that eliminates large amounts of redundant data and business processes and easily supports up to 10 million volumes of data. When deployed with a lan area private cloud, the data is stored on a local server and runs within the local area network, such as flying and security insurance.
Vehicle management includes functional modules including: vehicle information, vehicle insurance, vehicle maintenance, vehicle refueling, vehicle use application, vehicle use log, vehicle violation.
The project development team is primarily responsible for the development and debugging of e-commerce and other applications.
Real estate management includes functional modules such as: Real Estate, Housing Space, Facilities, Cash Flow.
Now more and more erpmanagement software, in the face of such a dazzlingerpsoftware, which is the right one for their business? This is a daunting task for many leaders. Whaterp software does the enterprise apply to? Let the ERP software technician explain to you as follows: First, practical what is practical? Practical and easy to enter, easy to make mistakes, and fast query. The software should be easy to operate. For queries, it's best not to ask the user what to remember, and the user can see the keywords they want. Second, flexibility when it comes to flexibility, some people do not agree that flexibility is serious, but the needs of customers must be supported by flexibility. It may also change as a result of organizational changes, or by different assessment methods. Then the calculation of wages will naturally change. Whether to set up in the software,of course not, is actually a computational relationship in the ERP system. The transport relationship is very complex. If you write in the program one by one, the customer needs to change the software company to change the program. Such software is inflexible and powerless to meet the endless new needs of customers. Third, extensibleERP software should be scalable, why? Because the customer's needs have been expanded, for example, ERP has this report, but I also want another report that is not in ERP, what should I do? Secondary development of the business? If so, there is no scalability, no scalability, and it cannot support the potential needs of customers and future growth. Scalable ERP software allows customers to extend documents and reports as needed.
Workflow management includes feature modules: form type, form maintenance, form field configuration, workflow, workflow execution data, workflow node, workflow execution.
By telephone, communicate the current situation of IT construction and the problems faced, and provide intellectual and resource support in the aspects of IT construction path, supplier selection, and difficult problem management of IT projects.
The study includes functional modules: questionnaire maintenance, questionnaire records.
Engineering enterprise management system - labor management, subcontracting management specific includes: labor contract, progress statement, labor payment, sub-contract, progress statement, subcontract payment, completion settlement, completion settlement, sporadic labor management, labor workers attendance entry.
Online papers include functional modules: paper test paper maintenance, exam records.
Engineering enterprise management system - construction process management, document management specific includes: construction log, design changes, technical delivery, document entry, document contract, document loan, document return, document beginning, document storage, document inquiry.
To save time, many business owners go directly to the common ERP system. The system attracts a lot of diehard fans by saving trouble and money, but ERP is not a simple problem with buying back the system. It is necessary for managers to reorganize their work processes or adjust departments to better integrate enterprise resources, improve work efficiency and save resources. General ERP cannot meet its daily needs. We analyze the unique characteristics of the industry in three ways: first, the styles and colors are complex, and the fair style, color and size are not possible in the industry universalerplogistics module. It is not feasible to use a single standard erpto deal with product diversity. Therefore, enterprises should choose the appropriate enterprise resource planning system according to the characteristics of the industry. Second, the life cycle of the product is short. From enteringthe market to exiting the market, it usually takes only two to three weeks. As you can see, the life cycle of a product is short. What does that mean? In order to adapt to product changes, enterprises must make adjustments to the ERP system every two to three weeks, and most common ERP is not possible. What's the difference between ERP software? Finally, the sale of the product is very volatile. It is impossible to predict the next explosion. Until the sales data comes out, it all depends on experience and luck. Explosive currency needs to be immediately added to production, not in line with market demand and reduce prices, promotional processing has become a burden on enterprises. The instability of sales makes it difficult for enterprises to control inventory, and inventory management should be done through erp.The network streaming system solution consists of the following parts: (1). Content acquisition: program source can be camera, TV program, MPEG-4 media files, video program CD,computer screen signal, satellite input signal, etc. (2) VIDEO CAPTURE AND COMPRESSION ENCODING: THE HARDWARE IS GENERALLY THE AV CAPTURE CARD, THE ENCODING SOFTWARE IS MPEG-4 ENCODING SOFTWARE. (3) Content editing: editing and modifying the content, archiving, and indexing video files into the library. 4. Content storage and playback: when the program is not large, the file system can be used, when the program volume is large, it is necessary to prepare a database management system. Use the database to store AV files, and run the Streaming Service software to play audio and video. (5) Content browsing: Client-side audio media playbacksoftware, can be embedded in the browser for playback.Digital credentials, also known as digital certificates, are electronic means to verify a user's identity and access to network resources. In online electronic transactions, if both parties present their own digital credentials and use them to conduct transactions, then both parties may not have to worry about the authenticity of each other's identity. Digital vouchers can be used for e-mail, e-commerce, groupware, e-fund transfers and other purposes. The internal format of the digital voucher is defined by the CCITT X.509 international standard and contains the following: (1) the name of the voucher owner; (2) the validity period of the voucher owner; (3) the validity period of the public key; (4) the unit in which the digital voucher is issued; and (5) the serial number of the digital voucher. ;(6). Issue digital signatures for digital voucher units.